n this paper, the theoretic foundation of Xenopus tropicalis applied to water quality monitoring was discussed. Subsequently, the application prospect of X. tropicalis in the field of environmental science was reviewed. We also summarized the method using Xenopus tropicalis embryo to monitor water quality and introduced some application examples. Finally, we discussed some problems on the application of X. tropicalis embryo in evaluating water quality. In all, X. tropicalis is a good model animal species for evaluating water quality. Therefore, studies on practical application of X. tropicalis should be enhanced in future.