This paper briefly introduced the development process of the source apportionment techniques for soil pollutants and their main types and sources. This study pointed out that qualitative source identification techniques mainly include diagnostic ratios (DRs), multivariate statistical methods, spatial analysis methods, and so on. While quantitative source apportionment techniques mainly include source emission inventory method, diffusion model, chemical mass balance (CMB), positive matrix factorization (PMF), UNMIX model, stable isotopic technique, and so on. Moreover, the principle of the above methods and their advantages and disadvantages in the application were summarized. The future development direction of the source apportionment techniques for soil pollutants was proposed from the perspective of apportionment objects, apportionment methods, and software development.