In this study， by integrating the principles of chemiluminescence and biological affinity reaction with fiber biosensing， a chemiluminescence fiber immunosensor was designed for the onsite rapid and sensitive detection of small molecular organic pollutants. Taking bisphenol A (BPA) for example， based on indirect competitive immunoassay mechanism， a new chemiluminescence immunoassay method for rapid detection of BPA was established using the BPAOVA functionalized fiberoptic probe. The linear detection range of BPA was 0.95~100.9μg/L， and its detection limit was 0.15μg/L. The recovery experiment of spiked water samples showed that the recovery rate was 94.5%~116.0%， and the standard deviations were less than 10%， indicating that the detection method has good stability and practicability， and can be used for the detection of BPA in real water samples. The chemiluminescence optical fiber immunosensor can be used for the rapid detection of other small molecule organic pollutants by using its coatingantigen functionalized fiber probe and the corresponding fluorescent labeled antibody.