| 摘要: |
| 从风险排序的概念及应用需求出发，系统阐述了风险排序在当前风险管理特别是环境风险管控领域中的意义。指出风险排序是对风险定义在管理实践层面的应用深化。从风险排序影响因子的类别划分、来源构成、演化趋势以及排序方法的发展规律和优劣特征等角度进行系统综述，指出目前风险排序影响因子的界定及选取已呈现由风险理论限定过渡至突出服务风险管理为导向；风险排序方法学也逐步由单一方法排序过渡至多元方法互补排序的新阶段，逐步实现对风险排序结果的综合考量和准确度量。在此基础上，对风险排序方法在环境领域的实证研究进行归纳分析。总结指出了当前风险排序研究多以结果的量化表征为焦点，而其排序方法及配套排序指标选取的适用性、综合性及代表性检验仍需进一步研究分析，尤其是对排序机理、风险理论及风险管控需求间内在相互关系的系统解析将是未来实现风险排序客观全面提升的重要基础及意义所在。 |
| 关键词: 环境风险 风险排序 风险等级 风险管理 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:X32.022 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目（71433007） |
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| Risk Ranking and Its Applications in Environmental Risk Management |
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DAI Jing，BI Jun，MA Zongwei
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State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse， School of the Environment， Nanjing University， Nanjing， Jiangsu 210023，China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the concept and practical demands of risks ranking， this work gives a systematic demonstration of risks ranking in the present risks management， especially in environmental fields by highlighting the pragmatic significances， and suggests that risks ranking is the deep understanding of the application of risk theory in risk management and prevention. Meanwhile， we have systematically reviewed the impact factors of risks ranking from the views of the classification， sources and evolutions， as well as the development laws and the characteristics of risks ranking， and indicated that the definition of impact factors associated with the risk ranking has evolved from rationalistic acknowledge into a stage emphasizing on services for risks management， while the methodology of risks ranking is gradually changing from single-factor into the complementation of multifactorial and integrated mechanism to obtain a more integrated and accurate risk ranking results. Then， the empirical studies of risks ranking methodology and their applications in environmental fields were reviewed and analyzed in this work. Finally， this work summarized that the present studies of risking ranking mainly focus on the measurability， while the applicability， comprehensiveness and representativeness of the ranking methodology and its associated ranking indexes still require further investigations. Most importantly， study on the internal interactions among the ranking mechanism， ranking theory and risk controlling is the key factor to improve the risks ranking in future. |
| Key words: Environmental risks Risk ranking Risk rating Risk management |
