Sediment samples from 63 monitoring points in Yangcheng Lake were collected in February 2020, and the mass ratios of total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN) and organic matter (OM) in sediments were determined. Their spatial distribution characteristics in 6 areas of Yangcheng Lake (southeast, northeast, south-central, north-central, southwest and northwest) were analyzed, and pollution assessment was carried out based on comprehensive pollution index (FF) and organic pollution index (OI). The results show that the mean values of ω(TN),ω(TP) and ω(OM) in sediments are 1 102, 822 mg/kg and 32.8 g/kg, respectively. Among them, there are high differences in the spatial distribution of ω(TN) and ω(OM). The overall spatial distribution of ω(TP) shows a gradually decreasing trend from west lake to middle lake and east lake, while ω(TN) and ω(OM) are opposite to ω(TP); The evaluation results of TN pollution index, TP pollution index, FF and OI of the whole lake are Grade 2 (mild pollution), Grade 4 (severe pollution), Grade 3 (moderate pollution) and Grade III (still clean), respectively.