Abstract:In light of published studies，we systematically reviewed the advances of computational toxicology and environmental behavior modeling in environmental research，including their concepts，theories，study methods，and applications. In addition，we analyzed the challenges during the development of computational toxicology and environmental behavior modeling，and proposed corresponding solutions. In the end，the developmental prospect of computational toxicology and environmental behavior modeling was positively anticipated.

Abstract:Based on design principles of grading， classifying and simplifying， the warning rules of water quality monitoring system in Jiangsu province have been designed， which contains onestep， twostep and threestep warning systems. The onestep warning system refers to verification by operating persons and the reinforced surveillance by environmental protection departments. The twostep warning refers to short message alert sent by environmental protection departments after the verification. When abnormality of water quality is obvious， the threestep warning is issued when the message is sent in paper forms. The warning 〖JP3〗rules have been applied in water quality monitoring systems in Jiangsu province. Via corporations between the environmental protection agency and related supervision departments， the rules play important roles in obtaining abnormal water quality information and preventing pollution accidents.

Abstract:A simple gas sampling device with telescopic extension function was provided for use together with air monitoring devices onsite. Initial investigation was given to the influence of the length of the Teflon sampling pipe on the monitoring results. The gas from the exhaust funnel of a laboratory building was monitored with this device subsequently. The results showed that such device could prompt safety protection and increase areas for efficient monitoring in emergency monitoring onsite， which served to provide more technical support for abrupt environmental pollution accidents.

Abstract:The gasphase molecular absorption spectrometry method was employed to determine the content of ammonia nitrogen in seawater， and relating factors that might influence the results were discussed. The results showed that when seawater samples from the coast and water samples from the river mouth were adjusted with acid to a neutral pH， there was no need for membrane filtration before direct analysis by the instrument. The storage of the mixed solution of bromate and the solution containing 40% of sodium hydroxide should be no longer than two weeks and the storage temperature should be no higher than 25 ℃， otherwise the solutions should be remade fresh. The collected water samples should not be stored for a long period and they should be analyzed promptly after collection. Using the gasphase molecular absorption spectrometry method， good linear relationships were obtained for ammonia nitrogen in the mass concentration ranges of 0.01~0.40 mg/L and 0.10~2.00 mg/L， respectively， and the coefficient values r were both greater than 0.999. The method detection limit was 0.003 mg/L. RSDs of the actual samples and standards were in the range of 1.0%~1.6%， and the recovery rates were in the range of 94.0%~110%. Compared with the hypobromous acid oxidation method， there was no significant difference in the measurement results for ammonia nitrogen. Because of the large dynamic range for the detection of ammonia nitrogen， the gasphase molecular absorption spectrometry method could be used for samples with high concentrations， which could reduce errors caused by dilution.

Abstract:Seven chlorinated phenolic compounds were determined directly by solid phase extraction （SPE） and high performance liquid chromatography. Using different types of SPE columns， samples were pretreated with acidification， preconcentration， and elution before analysis. The results showed that the Waters OASIS WAX column had the highest extraction efficiency among the columns， and the best extraction time was 60 min and the best elution time was 5 min. The method had a linear regression range of 1.0~40 mg/L and a detection limit range of 0.015~0.5 μg/L. The relative standard deviations （RSD） of this method ranged from 0.558% to 2.22%， and the recovery rates ranged from 83.2% to 105%. This method was suitable for the determination of chlorinated phenolic compounds in surface water and drinking water.

Abstract:This paper investigated factors that influence the XRF detection of heavy metals in soil. It was confirmed that the thickness， particle size， and water content of the soil sample would affect the fluorescence intensity to a various degree， which was dependent on the energy of Xrays. The results showed that low energy Xrays had significantly greater influence than high energy Xrays on the measurement. In order to ensure the quality analysis， soil samples should be completely dry， mixed evenly， maintained in uniform particle sizes and thickness of 10 mm when employing the XRF method for the determination of heavy metals in soil.

Abstract:Chromic acid mist in the air was measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The method had a good linearity in the mass concentration range of 1 to 10μg/L，r=0.999 6. The detection limit was 0.001 mg/m³. The relative standard deviation of the measurement was 1.64%~4.53%， and the recovery rates were 91.0%~95.4%. There was no apparent difference in the determination of chromium mass concentration between this method and the 《HJ/T 29-1999》 method.

Abstract:The shortage of analysis methods for 68 organic compound indices in Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards （GB 3838—2002） was analyzed. An overview of the research status of integration and optimization of analysis methods was also presented. The latest analysis methods for 68 organic compound indices in surface water were summarized， and the analysis methods for the 68 organic compound indices were integrated from more than 40 into 20 methods in combination with classical analytical methods.

Abstract:In the process of determining methane in waste gas by gas chromatography， samples can be preserved in different containers such as the glass syringe， the inert gas bag， the vacuum bottle， and the SUMMA canister. This study focuses on comparison between these containers. The results showed that the glass syringe was poor in air tightness， therefore， the sample analysis must be completed within 8 hours. The vacuum bottle was inconvenient in carrying and the price of the SUMMA canister was expensive. As a result， both of the containers were less frequently used. The best option would be using the glass syringe for sampling and then storing in the inert gas bags. Samples preserved as such could be stable for at least 7 days.

Abstract:The determination of sulfation rate in the air usingalkaline sampling paper coupled with ion chromatography was investigated. The results showed that a good linear relationship of sulfatewas obtained （r≥0.9990） in the mass concentration range of 1.00~20.0 mg/L. The effect of cutting up or not was not obvious for the blank alkaline sampling paper. The recoveries of sulfate were between 80.0%~120% at high and low spiked levels. Cutting up mode was more suitable for real samples， which was good for the rapid and sufficientrelease of sulfate. The mass concentration of sulfate increased gradually with increasing the immersion time.When the alkaline sampling paper was immersed 7 h， the sulfate could be considered dissolved completely.In the considerations of data quality and saving time， it was suggested that both blank and real alkaline sampling papers were cut up， and determined after immersed for 3.5 h.

Abstract:Ozone monitoring datas from eight statecontrolled automatic air monitoring stations in Foshan of 2014 were analyzed to investigate the ozone pollution characteristics. The result showed that the 90th percentile of daily maximum 8hourly average ozone concentration was 167μg/m³. The numbers of day for exceeding the standards were 43 when ozone was the primary pollutant， with the proportion of 46.7%. The concentration in Foshan area was nearly and the monthly variations presented “threepeaks”， the annual high concentration of ozone concentrated in June to October， of which the highest peak appeared in July throughout the year. Ozone diurnal variation showed a single peak distribution， low concentration and changed slowly at night， the peak of which appeared at 14 to 16 o'clock in the afternoon. Ozone concentration showed some weekend effect but not obvious. Meanwhile， the correlation between ozone concentration and some meteorological factors such as temperature， humidity， wind speed， wind direction， air pressure， rainfall was analyzed. The result showed that the correlation between ozone concentration and temperature was significant， the same as the negative correlation between ozone concentration and humidity， air pressure， rainfall. On the other hand， the correlation between ozone concentration and wind speed， wind direction was weak relatively. Overall， high ozone concentration was observed easily in high temperature， low humidity， gentle breeze， southerly wind， low pressure， rainfree weather.

Abstract:This paper reported the composition and distribution of volatile organic compounds （VOC_s） in the ambient air of some typical chemical industrial park in Changzhou. The results showed that 58 VOC_s were detected in the air of this chemical industrial park，including aromatic hydrocarbons，saturated hydrocarbons，halogenated hydrocarbons，olefins，aldehyde and ester compounds，et al. The main pollutants of VOCs were benzene，toluene，ethylbenzene，and xylene，the mass concentrations of which were in the range of 1.0~194 μg/m³. None of them were out of the limit values in reference standards. The total mass concentrations of the main VOC_s at background and park sites were highest in autumn and winter，and the atmospheric VOC_s of sensitive sites changed greatly with the seasonal variation. The annual average total concentrations of the main VOC_s in park T1 and T2 were higher than those of sensitive sites，which were the lowest at background site. Besides the vehicle exhaust emission，the solvent volatilization and the pollutant emission in the production process increased the concentration of benzene series in atmosphere，at the same time the atmospheric quality at sensitive and background sites was affected.

Abstract:Emission characteristics from the combustion of boiler briquette coal and raw coal were analyzed using a self-designed dilution sampling system that was manufactured to sample the particulate pollutants such as PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and metal elements in flue gas from stationary source . The results showed that the fine particle emission ratio of briquette coal was higher than that of raw coal, and that the mass of PM_2.5from the inlet and outlet of the dust collector had increase of 715% and 708%, respectively, for briquette coal than raw coal. The mass fractions of As and Pb at different particle size ranges were all higher for briquette coal. At the same time, due to the increase of inhalable particulate matter during the combustion of briquette coal, emission ratio of metals that were contained in or attached to the dust was also increased.

Abstract:This paper briefly describes the current status of total pollutant amount control and analyzes existing defects from technological and management perspectives. Taking Taizhou swipe cardsewage discharge demonstration project as an instance, this paper introduces the enterprise swipe cardsewage discharge control equipment, the card control and management platform of the environmental protection department, and specific work processes of the swipe cardsewage discharge, etc. It is pointed out that the card management system effectively improves the control and guidance of the total pollutant amount, ensuring real and accurate data, strengthening environmental monitoring, promoting transformation and upgrading of enterprises. This system effectively implements quota allocation of the total pollutant amount and realizes the control of both pollutant concentration and total amount, allowing directional supervision, reducing illegal corporate emission, and promoting smooth implementation of the emission trading system.

Abstract:According to general software structures and the mainstream data transmission technology for the surface water automatic monitoring system in Guangdong Province, this paper puts forward the selection and design method for the data transmission protocol. We also proposes four main structural frames for the contents of data transmission, including types of the data monitored, remote control commands, codes of the projects monitored, and the online quality control traceability system. The technological achievements have been applied to the formulation of the data transmission standard of surface water automatic monitoring systems in Guangdong Province, the development of data transmission software systems, the establishment of quality control traceability systems, and the intelligent transformation of water stations. This technology has been received with great social and economic benefits.

Abstract:In this paper， the principles and paths of cooperation between environmental protection and meteorological agencies were proposed: with respect to cognition， to unify understanding and to share； with respect to business， to take and show advantages； with respect to protection， to consolidate and progress simultaneously； and with respect to service， to guide and serve the public. Cooperation between the agencies could enhance the accuracy of forecast.