电动汽车车内磁场强度曝露水平监测与分析

徐辉<sup>1</sup>; 王冠<sup>2</sup>; $2<sup>1</sup>; 李飞<sup>1</sup>

引用本文:	徐辉，王冠，佟晶，李飞.电动汽车车内磁场强度曝露水平监测与分析[J].环境监控与预警,2022,14(4):47-52
	XU Hui, WANG Guan, TONG Jing, LI Fei.Measurements and Analysis on Magnetic Fields Generated in Electric Vehicles[J].Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning,2022,14(4):47-52

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电动汽车车内磁场强度曝露水平监测与分析
徐辉，王冠，佟晶，李飞^1,2
1.北京市核与辐射安全中心，北京 100089;2.生态环境部核与辐射安全中心，北京 100082

摘要:

针对公众关注的电动汽车运行时车内电磁辐射的影响水平，选取国内外主流车企不同车型的纯电动汽车20辆，利用改进的监测系统开展了不同型号的电动汽车运行时不同工况、座椅、点位的低频磁场监测，同时获取时域和频域数据，了解车内磁场强度水平及频谱的变化及分布规律。通过SPSS软件对监测数据进行了单因素方差分析、相关性分析等统计分析，并对监测数据进行了分类数值统计，对频域数据进行了散点图和频点测值对标分析等。分析发现，车内电磁辐射频率主要集中在100 kHz以下；不同运行工况对电动汽车车内磁场强度的影响显著，加、减速时车内磁场强度最高，怠速时最低，匀速时随着速度提升，磁场强度随之增大；车内不同座椅的磁场曝露水平基本一致，但同一座椅自下而上磁场强度依次递减。

关键词: 电动汽车低频磁场监测频谱分析

DOI：

分类号:X839

基金项目:生态环境部2021年核与辐射安全监管基金资助项目（JD202111）

Measurements and Analysis on Magnetic Fields Generated in Electric Vehicles

XU Hui, WANG Guan, TONG Jing, LI Fei^1,2

1.Beijing Municipal Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center, Beijing 100089,China;2. Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100082,China

Abstract:

In order to analyze the magnetic fields levels and frequency spectrum features in electric vehicles, 20 electric vehicles of popular types from vehicles manufactures both domestic and abroad were selected to implement measurements on various points of different seats at different driving modes, time domain and frequency domain data were obtained simultaneously. Three data analysis methods were used to analyze data, including statistical analysis such as one way ANOVA and correlation analysis by SPSS software, numeric analysis and spectrum analysis by scatter diagram and single frequency data in line with limits. The analysis reveals that main frequency mainly concentrated below 100 kHz. Remarkable different in magnetic fields exhibits under different driving modes, the highest magnetic fields are detected in acceleration and deceleration modes while the lowest data are found in idle state, and the magnetic fields are higher with the speed increasing at the constant speed mode. Similar values were found on different seats, but magnetic fields levels decrease on single seat when height rises.

Key words: Electric vehicle Low frequency magnetic field Monitoring Frequency spectrum anlysis